2024年2月26日至3月5日，在印度尼西亚海洋事务与渔业部邀请下，福建海洋可持续发展研究院（简称闽海院）院长薛雄志携团队赴印尼，就双方将在印尼新首都努桑塔拉所在巴厘巴板湾地区开展的海洋空间规划（MSP）联合项目（以下简称“MSP项目”）展开踏勘、研讨与交流，在助力印尼新首都建设的海洋空间规划顶层设计方面迈出了坚实的一步。印尼政治杂志《TEMPO》也对此次出访进行了详细报道。报道提到，海洋空间规划是印尼蓝色经济发展计划的重要工具，厦门三十年海岸带综合管理的经验对于巴厘巴板湾的海洋空间规划有着重要的借鉴意义。此次闽海院出访印尼进一步加强了当地各利益相关方协同合作的愿望。
印尼政治杂志《TEMPO》的报道（部分）
TEMPO's Coverage on the Visit (Part)
图：雅加达湾踏勘
Img. Field Survey in Jakarta Bay
在项目开展的预备阶段，各方代表举行了多轮交流研讨活动，积极推动项目进程。2023年12月，闽海院推动中国海洋发展基金会与印尼海洋事务与渔业部（MMAF）正式签署了该MSP项目的合作备忘录，并举办了项目高级研修班，吸引了34位来自MMAF及印尼各级政府的涉海官员、科研工作者参加。此次闽海院团队受邀到访印尼，旨在获取印尼巴厘巴板湾的海域使用现状的第一手资料，厘清管理挑战与亟待解决的问题，并落实MSP项目合作细节。
图：合作备忘录签署仪式
Img. MOA Signing Ceremony
团队首先至雅加达与MMAF的高级官员进行了座谈，听取对雅加达湾海洋管理现状的介绍和对巴厘巴板湾海洋空间规划目标的期望，并对雅加达湾的新开发区域进行了实地考察。随后，团队于巴厘巴板湾开展踏勘活动，在红树林生态旅游区、工业区、渔民社区分别进行实地考察与座谈，深入了解当地海域生态环境优势与不同海域功能的冲突现状，了解未来实施海洋空间规划面临的挑战，包括工业发展与生态环境的平衡、海洋生态变化对渔民生计的影响等。
图：红树林生态旅游区踏勘
Img. Survey in Mangrove Ecotourism Area
图：与MMAF、印尼国家电网代表合影
Img. Group Photo with MMAF and PLN Representatives
图：与MMAF、渔民代表合影
Img. Group Photo with MMAF and Fishermen Representatives
在实地踏勘的基础上，团队与MMAF、东加里曼丹省政府、巴厘巴板市政府、加里曼丹技术学院代表就MSP项目开展在巴厘巴板市政厅举行了专题座谈。巴厘巴板市空间规划部主任Neni女士称，巴厘巴板湾是通向新首都的海上通道、也是一个缓冲区，新首都的未来与巴厘巴板湾息息相关。MMAF海洋空间与海洋管理规划总局秘书长Kusdiantoro先生表示，12月在厦门的研修班活动让他印象深刻，他迫切希望能够将厦门的海洋综合管理、海洋空间规划经验借鉴运用到巴厘巴板湾的管理中。MMAF部长高级顾问Dyah Erowati女士称，新首都的建设机遇与挑战并存，未来10-20年巴厘巴板湾将更加繁忙，因此亟需合理的MSP以确保海洋健康发展。加里曼丹技术学院校长Agus Rudianto教授说，学校致力于支持新首都智慧城市的建设，希望能与闽海院在此次MSP项目与其他更多领域深入合作。MMAF海洋空间规划执行主任Suharyanto先生介绍了印尼首都雅加达面临的地面下沉、城市污染、交通堵塞等多重压力，表达了将新首都建设成印尼最宜居、最可持续城市的愿景，并期待此次MSP项目合作对新首都建设的积极影响。随后，座谈各方就项目合作展开热烈讨论。座谈会后，各方赴新首都“0 KM”——即国家各政府部门在新首都的办公地点——进行踏勘，了解新首都的建设情况。
图：巴厘巴板市政厅利益相关方座谈现场
Img. Focus Group Discussion in Balikpapan City Hall with Stakeholders
图：巴厘巴板市政厅合影
Img. Group Photo in Balikpapan City Hall
图：印尼新首都 IKN“0 KM”踏勘合影
Img. Field Survey in "0 KM" of Indonesia's New Capital IKN
随后，闽海院团队与MMAF团队赴巴厘岛与MMAF海洋空间规划执行主任Suharyanto先生、印尼茂物农业大学Luky Adrianto教授、阿拉弗拉海和帝汶海生态系统项目（ATSEA）负责人Handoko博士等就印尼海洋空间规划项目、能力建设等进行研讨和学术交流，并对印尼MSP项目的具体工作分工与进程安排进行了深入细致的讨论。此外，为进一步了解印尼这一“万岛之国”的海域使用现状与特点，团队还实地考察了当地渔民社区与海龟保护区，了解当地的海洋经济发展及海洋资源保护现状与挑战，并与相关管理人员进行深入交谈。
图：与Suharyanto、Luky、Handoko等交流会后合影
Img. Group Photo with Suharyanto, Luky, Handoko et el.
图：踏勘海龟保护区
Img. Field Survey to Turtle Conservation Area
中国与印尼两国政府就努力构建中印尼命运共同体达成重要共识，同意加强海上合作，并已分别签署了《中国印尼两国关于加强海上合作的谅解备忘录》、《中国自然资源部与印度尼西亚海洋渔业部关于海洋领域合作的执行安排》等重要文件。在此背景下，印尼MSP项目既是闽海院团队与印尼海洋事务与渔业部基于多年友好合作伙伴关系的重要合作项目，也是落实我国支持印尼新首都建设的实际行动。通过此次考察与交流，闽海院与印尼方在巴厘巴板湾MSP项目合作上取得实质性进展。双方将共同努力应对海岸带管理中的各种挑战，为印尼新首都及其周边海域的可持续发展提供中印尼两国的经验和智慧。随着双方合作的不断加深，期待未来将有更多共赢的举措，为全球海洋事务的繁荣与稳定贡献更大的力量。
From February 26 to March 5, 2024, a team led by Prof. Xue Xiongzhi, Dean of the Fujian Institute for Sustainable Oceans (referred to as FISO) visited Indonesia at the invitation of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF), Indonesia. The purpose of the visit was to conduct on-site surveys, discussions, and exchanges related to the Joint Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) project (referred to as “MSP project”) in the Balikpapan Bay area, where the new Indonesian capital Nusantara is located. This collaboration marks a significant step in supporting the holistic design of MSP for the construction of Indonesia's new capital. TEMPO, an Indonesian political magazine, highlighted in its detailed coverage of this visit that MSP is an essential tool in Indonesia's blue economy development plan, and Xiamen's thirty-year integrated coastal management experience is of great reference value for the MSP project in Balikpapan Bay area. It also stressed that the visit further encouraged the collaboration among local stakeholders.
To prepare for and promote the progress of this MSP project, relevant parties had made multiple rounds of exchange and discussions. In December 2023, FISO facilitated the signing of MoA for this MSP project between China Oceanic Development Foundation (CODF) and MMAF, and organized a training workshop on the subject participated by 34 maritime officials and researchers from MMAF and various levels of the Indonesian government. With this visit to Indonesia, the FISO team aimed to gather first-hand information on the sea use status in the Balikpapan Bay area of Indonesia, identify management challenges, sort urgent issues, and address the details of the MSP project.
The team first held discussions with senior officials from MMAF in Jakarta, receiving an overview of the current state of ocean governance in Jakarta Bay and the expectations for the MSP goals in the Balikpapan Bay area. The team then conducted on-site surveys of the newly developed areas in Jakarta Bay, followed by field surveys and discussions in the Balikpapan Bay area, specifically in the mangrove ecotourism zone, industrial zone, and fishing communities. This allowed the team to gain a deeper understanding on the ecological advantages of the local marine environment and the sea use conflicts, while having the chance to comprehend the challenges facing the implementation of MSP in the future, such as balancing industrial development with ecological preservation, and the impact of changes in marine ecology on the livelihoods of local fishermen.
Based on the on-site surveys, the team held a focus group discussion in the Balikpapan City Hall on the MSP project with representatives from MMAF, the East Kalimantan provincial government, the Balikpapan city government, and the Kalimantan Institute of Technology (ITK). Ms. Neny Dwi Winahyu, the Head of Unit of Spatial Planning of Balikpapan City, highlighted that Balikpapan Bay serves as a gateway and buffer zone to the new capital, emphasizing the crucial connection between the future of the new capital and Balikpapan Bay. Mr. Kusdiantoro, the Secretary of the Directorate General of Marine Spatial and Ocean Management, expressed his impression of the training workshop in Xiamen in December 2023 and found it urgent to adapt the integrated coastal management and MSP experiences from Xiamen to the Balikpapan Bay area. Ms. Dyah Erowati, the Senior Advisor for Minister of MMAF, said that the new capital brings both opportunities and challenges. She emphasized that Balikpapan Bay area will become one of the busiest ports in the next 10-20 years and stressed the need for a holistic MSP approach to ensure the healthy development of the ocean. Professor Agus Rudianto, Rector of ITK, stated the institute’s commitment to supporting the design of the new capital as a “smart city” and wishes to form deeper connections with FISO in this MSP project and other fields. Mr. Suharyanto, the Acting Director for Marine Spatial Planning of MMAF, presented the various pressures faced by the current capital, Jakarta, including land subsidence, urban pollution, and traffic congestion, etc. He expressed the vision of building the new capital as Indonesia's most livable and sustainable city, anticipating positive impacts from the joint MSP project on the new capital. Following the discussion, the participants visited the "0 KM" of the new capital - the new location for national government departments - to gain insights into the progress of the new capital.
Following this visit to “0 KM”, the FISO team and the MMAF team traveled to Bali to engage in discussions and academic exchanges with Mr. Suharyanto, Professor Luky Adrianto from IPB University, and Dr. Handoko Adi Susanto, Regional Project Manager of the Arafura and Timor Seas Ecosystem Action Phase II (ATSEA-2) Project. The discussions were focused on the MSP project (specifically on the roles and timelines for the project), capacity building, among other topics.
To further understand the current status and characteristics of marine functions in Indonesia, an island country, the team visited local fishing communities and turtle conservation areas in Bali. Through conversations with local authorities, the team grasped the current status of marine economic development, marine resource conservation, and the challenges faced in these aspects.
The governments of China and Indonesia have reached consensus on building a community with shared future between the two countries, agreeing to strengthen maritime cooperation. The two countries have signed a series of cooperation documents, including the Memorandum of Understanding on Strengthening Maritime Cooperation (June, 2021), and Implementing Arrangement between the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia and the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China on Marine Cooperation (July, 2022). Under this background, the MSP project serves not only as a key milestone project for the decades-long partnership between FISO team and MMAF, but also a solid step in supporting the construction of Indonesia’s new capital. Through the surveys and discussions, the two parties achieved significant progress in the MSP project, with commitments to jointly counter the challenges in ocean governance and contribute to the sustainable development of the new capital as well as its surrounding sea areas. With this new step forward, both parties hope to joint hands in more mutually beneficial endeavors to contribute to the prosperity and sustainability of our oceans.
